What is Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a common digestive problem characterized by loose, watery stools occurring more frequently than usual. It can be caused by various factors, including viral or bacterial infections, food poisoning, consumption of contaminated food or water, and certain medications. Diarrhea can also be accompanied by abdominal cramps, bloating, and dehydration.

Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own within a few days. However, if diarrhea is severe, lasts for an extended period, or is accompanied by other worrisome symptoms like high fever or blood in stools, it’s crucial to seek medical attention for proper evaluation and treatment.

Symptoms of Diarrhea

Diarrhea symptoms include loose, watery stools occurring more frequently than usual. It often comes with abdominal cramps, bloating, and a sense of urgency to use the restroom.

Dehydration may happen due to fluid loss, leading to dry mouth and increased thirst. The condition can vary in severity, with mild cases lasting only a day or two, while more severe episodes can persist for several days. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration, especially if fluids are not filled sufficiently.

Causes of Diarrhea

Diarrhea can be caused by various factors. Common causes include:

• Viral or bacterial infections, where harmful organisms irritate the digestive system and lead to loose stools.
• Food poisoning from consuming contaminated food or water can trigger diarrhea symptoms.
• Certain medications, especially antibiotics, may disrupt the natural balance of gut bacteria, resulting in diarrhea.
• Stress and anxiety can affect the digestive system and contribute to diarrhea.

Treatment of Diarrhea

The treatment of diarrhea involves managing symptoms and the cause. Staying hydrated is crucial to replace lost fluids. Drinking plenty of water, oral rehydration solutions, and liquids can help prevent dehydration.

Avoiding foods that can worsen symptoms, like spicy, fatty, or greasy meals, is recommended. However, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional, especially if diarrhea is severe or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

Treating the root cause, whether it’s a viral or bacterial infection, food intolerance, or medication side effect, is essential for a full recovery.

Dr. Kailash Mishra
Director & Gastroenterologist Consultant
Prime Gastro Liver Clinic