Swallowing Disorders
A swallowing disorder, also known as dysphagia, refers to difficulties or discomfort when swallowing food, liquids, or saliva. It can be caused by various factors affecting the muscles and nerves involved in the swallowing process. Dysphagia can affect people of all ages and may be temporary or long-term. Here are some common causes, symptoms, and management strategies for swallowing disorders:
Symptoms of Swallowing Disorders:
- The feeling of food or liquids getting stuck in the throat or chest
- Coughing or choking during or after swallowing
- Pain or discomfort while swallowing
- Regurgitation of food or liquids
- Frequent throat clearing
- Unexplained weight loss or malnutrition
- Recurrent respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, due to aspiration of food or liquids into the lungs.
Treatment
Treatment for swallowing disorders depends on cause and severity; collaborate with healthcare professionals.
- Swallowing Therapy
- Dietary Modifications
- Medications
- Feeding Techniques and Equipment
- Surgical Interventions
- Collaborative Care
Causes of Swallowing Disorders:
Neurological Conditions: Stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological disorders can affect the nerves and muscles involved in swallowing.
Structural Abnormalities: Esophageal conditions like strictures, tumors, and GRD cause swallowing difficulties.
Muscular Disorders: Dysphagia caused by swallowing muscle weakness in muscular dystrophy or myasthenia gravis..
Aging: Swallowing function may decline with age, leading to difficulties in some individuals.
Radiation or Surgery: Treatment for head and neck cancers, including radiation therapy or surgical interventions, can impact swallowing function.
Medications and Other Factors: Medication, dental issues, and poor oral hygiene can cause dysphagia.