What are the Gastrointestinal Disorders?

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are conditions that impair the normal function of the digestive system. They can range from mild to severe and can be caused by various factors, such as diet, stress, infection, or genetics.

Common Types of GI Disorders:

• Acid Reflux: Often known as heartburn, this occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation.
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): This chronic condition affects the large intestine, leading to symptoms such as cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
• Celiac Disease: Triggered by eating gluten, this autoimmune disorder leads to damage of the small intestine lining.
• Crohn’s Disease: A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract.
• Ulcerative Colitis: Another form of IBD that specifically affects the lining of the large intestine and rectum.
• Gastroenteritis: Often caused by a viral or bacterial infection, this is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually leading to vomiting or diarrhea.

GI Disorders Symptoms

• Persistent stomach pain.
• Change in bowel habits.
• Unintentional weight loss.
• Difficulty swallowing.
• Chronic heartburn.
• Fatigue.

How Are GI Disorders Diagnosed?

Medical professionals may use a variety of tools to diagnose GI disorders, including:

• Blood tests.
• Stool samples.
• Endoscopic procedures.
• Imaging tests like MRI, CT scans, or X-rays.

Managing GI Disorders:

• Dietary Changes: Eating a balanced diet, avoiding trigger foods, and incorporating fiber can manage symptoms.
• Medication: Depending on the disorder, medications can reduce inflammation, relieve pain, or address deficiencies.
• Stress Management: Techniques like meditation or yoga can help, as stress often exacerbates GI symptoms.

Conclusion

Remember, while GI disorders can be challenging, many people manage their conditions effectively with the right care and lifestyle adjustments.

Dr. Kailash Mishra
Director & Gastroenterologist Consultant
Prime Gastro Liver Clinic