What is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a medical procedure used to diagnose and treat issues in the bile ducts and pancreas. It combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to examine these structures.

ERCP is a valuable procedure for diagnosing and treating issues in the bile ducts and pancreas. It involves inserting an endoscope, injecting contrast dye, and using fluoroscopy to obtain detailed images.

ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) Procedure Steps

Here are the key steps involved in an ERCP Procedure:

• Preparation: Before the procedure, patients are typically asked to fast for several hours to ensure a clear view during the test. They may also receive a sedative to help them relax and minimize discomfort.
• Insertion of the Endoscope: The patient is positioned on their left side or back. A thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is then inserted through the mouth, down the esophagus, and into the stomach. This endoscope contains a light and camera, allowing the doctor to see inside the digestive tract.
• Moved into the Duodenum: The endoscope is moved through the stomach and into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. The doctor carefully navigates through these passages.
• Contrast Dye Injection: A contrast dye is injected through the endoscope into the common bile duct. This dye helps to outline the ducts on the fluoroscopy monitor, making it easier to identify any blockages or abnormalities.
• Imaging with Fluoroscopy: As the contrast dye is injected, real-time X-ray images are captured using a fluoroscopy machine. These images provide a dynamic view of the bile ducts and pancreas.
• Biopsy or Treatment (if needed): During the ERCP, the doctor can perform various procedures as necessary. This may include taking a biopsy to further investigate any abnormal tissue removing gallstones or placing stents to relieve blockages.

Completion and Recovery of ERCP

Once the necessary procedures are completed, the endoscope is carefully withdrawn. Patients are moved to a recovery area, where they are monitored until the effects of sedation wear off.

Post-Procedure Care of ERCP

After an ERCP, patients may experience some mild discomfort, bloating, or a sore throat. It’s important to follow post-procedure instructions, including dietary restrictions and monitoring for signs of complications.

Dr. Kailash Mishra
Director & Gastroenterologist Consultant
Prime Gastro Liver Clinic